Gastronomic ethnobotany of traditional vegetables among the Sundanese in rural West Java, Indonesia
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Abstract. Iskandar BS, Irawan B, Mulyanto D, Iskandar J, Afinanda A, Rajab B. 2023. Gastronomic ethnobotany of traditional vegetables among the Sundanese in rural West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 3932-3950. Sundanese people in West Java have been known for their tradition of consuming various vegetable plants (Lalab). This study aims to elucidate the Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) on various vegetable plants, folk classification, and use and processing of vegetable plants for family use in the rural Sundanese community in Cijambu Village, Tanjungsari Sub-district, Sumedang District, West Java, Indonesia. This study employed mixed qualitative and quantitative methods with an ethnobotanical and gastronomic approach. The results showed that 67 different local varieties (landraces) of vegetable plants were documented from 65 species, representing 56 genera and 27 families that the Sundanese people of Cijambu commonly use. These vegetable plants can be classified into three categories: vegetable source, part used, and use and processing of vegetables. The people obtain their vegetables from various sources, such as their homegardens, gardens, rice fields, Perhutani agroforests, and other non-farming sources, including markets, small village shops, and vegetable sellers. The parts of vegetable plants usually consumed by the people of Cijambu Village can be divided into eight parts: the bulb, flower, fruit, leaf, rhizome, root/tuber, seed, and shoot. The vegetable plants are traditionally consumed as fresh raw salad and cooked vegetables, spices, and at least 12 main or basic types of Sundanese food meals, namely various Acar, Asinan, Buntil, Karedok, Lodeh, Lotek, Rujak, Sambel, Sayur/Angeun, Semur, Tumis/Oseng, and Urab with a total of 58 kinds of food meals. At the same time, various Sundanese chili sauces (Sambel) were documented in at least 14 types. Based on ethnobotanical gastronomy, the Sundanese community's cultural practice of consuming Lalab results from a complex interaction between human communities, food, and their local environment.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Abbasi AM, Khan MA, Shah MA, Shah MM, Pervez A, Ahmad M. 2013. Ethnobotanical appraisal and cultural values of medicinally important of wild edible vegetables of Lesser Himalayas-Pakistan. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 9: 66. DOI: 10.1186/1746-4269-9-66.
Agustina TP, Nisyawati, Waluyo EB. 2020. Plant diversity and uses of the homegarden in Pujon Sub-district, Malang Regency, East Java, Indonesia. AIP Conf Proceed 2120: 040021. DOI: 10.1063/1.5115659.
Albuquerque UP, Cruz da Cunha LVF, Paiva de Lucena RF, Alves RRN. 2014. Methods and Techniques in Ethnobiol and Ethnoecol. Springer Science + Business Media, New York.
Al-Snafi AE. 2015. The pharmacological importance of Capsicum (Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens) grown in Iraq. J Pharm Biol 5 (3): 124-142. DOI: 10.1080/10915810601163939.
Amalia RM, Marta DCV. 2018. Preserving traditional food from West Java: An effort to maintain national and regional food security. Intl J Stud Engl Lang Lit 6 (9): 1-7. DOI: 10.20431/2347-3134.0609001.
Amrinanto AH, Hardinsyah H, Palupi E. 2019. The eating culture of the Sundanese: Does the traditional salad (Lalapan) improve vegetable intake and blood b-carotene concentration? Future Food: J Food Agric Soc 104: 1-10. DOI: 10.17170/kobra-20190709593.
Bahekar S, Kale RS. 2013. Phytopharmacological aspects of Manihot esculenta Crantz (Cassava)- A review. Pharm Med Sci 2 (1): 1-5.
Barti H, Shankar G, Sing S. 2022. Review: (Allium cepa) to study phtochemistry and health benefit. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 11 (4): 245-247.
Bulbula DD. 2021. Comprehensive review on turmeric (Curcuma longa L) as medical plant and its nutraceutical quality to human. Intl J Cancer Ther Oncol 18 (3): 1-3. DOI: 10.19080/CTOIJ.2021.18.555990.
Cahyanto T, Supriyatna A, Sholika M. 2019. Inventory of plants used as Lalapan in Subang, West Java. AIP Conf Proceed 2019 (1): 020007. DOI: 10.1063/1.5061843.
Castañeda-Navarrete J. 2021. Homegarden diversity and food security in Southern Mexico. Food Secur 13 (3): 669-683. DOI: 10.1007/s12571-021-01148-w.
Chotimah HENC, Tita SK, Miranda Y. 2013. Ethnobotanical study and nutrient content of local vegetables consumed in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 14 (2): 106-111. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d140209.
Chowtivannakul P, Srichaikul B. Talubmook C. 2016. Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of seed extract from Leucaena lecocephala (Lam.) de Wit. Agric Nat Resour 50: 357-361. DOI: 10.1016/j.anres.2016.06.007.
Department of Health of Indonesia. 2018. Indonesian food database based food composition tables. https://www.panganku.org/id-ID/berita/20
Engler-Stringer R, Ha Le, Gerrard A, Muhajarine N. 2014. The community and consumer food environment and children's diet: A systematic review. BMC Public Health 14: 522. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-522.
Franco FM, Chaw LL, Bakar N, Abas SNH. 2018. Socializing and vegetables: The biocultural importance of an open air market in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 16 (6): 1-19. DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-0356-6.
Galhena DH, Freed R, Maredia K. 2013. Homegardens: A promising appriach to enhance haousehold food security and well being. Agric Food Secur 2 (8): 1-13. DOI: 10.1186/2048-7010-2-8.
Gbedomon RC, Salako VK, Fandohan AB, Idohou AFR, Kakai RG, Assogbadjo AE. 2017. Functional diversity of homegardens conservation benefits in Benin, West Africa. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 13 (1): 66. DOI: 10.1186/s13002-017-0192-5.
Gerny R, Marsh R, Mwebembezi J. 2021. The promise and chellenges of vegetable homegardening for improving nutrition and household welfare: New evidence from Kasese District, Uganda. Afr J Food Agric Nutr Dev 21 (1): 17272-17289. DOI: 10.18697/ajfand.96.20125.
Gordi I, Mamangkey J, Silalahi M. 2022. The diversity of vegetable and fruit fresh traded in the traditional and modern markets in market in the Bekasi, West Java and its potential. GSC Biol Pharm Sci. 20 (01): 100-109. DOI: DOI: 10.30574//gscbps.2022.20.1.0284.
Hendariningrum R. 2018. Health culture and communication (study of health views in Sunda communities in the tradition of eating Lalapan). Jurnal Lugas 2 (1): 13-19. DOI: 10.31334/jl.v2i1.118. [Indonesian]
Hernawati D, Putra RR, Meylani V. 2022. Indigenous vegetable consumed as Lalapan by Sundanese ethnic group in West Java Indonesia: Potential, tradition, local knowledge, and it's future. S Afr J Bot 151: 133-145. DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2022.09.007.
Hidayati S, Suansa NI, Samin, Franco FM. 2017. Using etnotaxonomy to assess traditional knowledge and language vitality: A case study with the Urang Kanekes (Baduy) of Banten, Indonesia. Indian J Tradit Knowl 16 (4): 576-582.
Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Irawan B, Partasasmita R. 2018b. Traditional markets and diversity of edible plant trading: Case study in Ujung Berung, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19 (2): 437-452. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190211.
Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Irawan B, Suroso, Partasasmita R. 2019. The development of coffee cultivation in the traditional agroforestry of mixed-garden (Dukuh Lembur) to provide social-economic benefit for Outer Baduy Community, South Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20 (10): 2958-2969. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d201026.
Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Mulyanto D, Aliifah F. 2023. Local knowledge of the Sundanese community on traditional foods to enhance the family food security. ETNOSIA 8 (1): 76-89. DOI: 10.31947/etnosia.v8i1.24461.
Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R, Irawan B. 2020. Various medicinal plants traded in the village market of Karawangi Village, Southern Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21 (9): 4440-4456. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d210963.
Iskandar BS, Iskandar J, Wibawa HA, Partasasmita R. 2017. Farmers and Tumpangsari: Case study in Palintang Hamlet, Cipanjalu Village, Bandung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18 (3): 1135-1149. DOI: 10.13507/biodiv/d180335.
Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Partasasmita R. 2017. Introduction of Paraserianthes falcataria in the traditional agroforestry 'huma' Karangwangi Village, Cianjur, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18 (1): 295-303. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d180139.
Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Partasasmita R. 2018a. Review: The impact of social and economic change on domesticated plant diversity with special reference to wet rice field and home-garden farming of West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19 (2): 565-577. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190227.
Iskandar J, Iskandar BS. 2023. Etnoagroecology of Sundanese Farmers after Green Revolution, in Karangwangi Village, South Cianjur, West Java in Supporting Sutainable Development. Andi Publisher, Yogyakarta. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d200104. [Indonesian]
Iskandar J. 2017. Human Ecology and Sustainbale Development. PSMIL Unpad, Bandung. [Indonesian]
Iskandar J. 2018. Ethnobiology, Ethnoecology and Sustainable Development. Plantaxia, Yogyakarta. [Indonesian]
Ivanova T, Bosseva Y, Chervenkov M, Dimitrova D. 2021. Enough to feed ourselves!—Food plants in Bulgarian rural homegardens. Plants 10: 2520. DOI: 10.3390/plants10112520.
Kaswanto, Nagakoshi N. 2014. Landscape ecology-based approach for assessing Pekarangan condition to preserve protected area in West Java. In: Nakagoshi N, Mabuhay JA (eds). Designing Low Carbon Societies in Landscapes, Springer, Japan. DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-54819-5_17.
Keerty SP, Joshi KH. 2019. The pharmacological importance of Colocasia esculenta Linn: A review. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 8 (6): 1945-1948.
Khairullah AR, Solikhah TI, Ansori ANM, Hidayatullah AR, Hartadi EB, Ramadinanto SC, Fadholly A. 2021. Review on the pharmacological and health aspects of Avium graveolens or celery: An upadate. Sys Rev Pharm 2021 (1): 606-612.
Kodir RA, Moektiwardoyo M. 2022. Health benefits of tree wild leafy vegetables in "Lalapan" as sundanese traditional and ethnic foods. Indones. J Biol Pharm 2 (1): 37-43. DOI: 10.24198/ijbp.v2i1.38414.
Lubis MY, Siburian R, Marpaung L, Simanjuntak P, Nasution MP. 2018. Methyl gallate from Jiringa (Archidendron jiringa) and antioxidant activity. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 11 (1): 346-350. DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i1.21637.
Maffi L, Dilts O. 2014. Biocultural Diversity Toolkit. Vol.1-Introduction to Biocultural Diversity. Terralingua, Salt Spring Island, BC, Canada.
Mellise BT, van de Ven, Giller KE, Descheemaeker K. 2018. Homegarden system dynamics in Southern Ethiopia. Agrofor Syst 92: 1579-1595. DOI: 10.1007/s10457-017-0106-5.
Mulyanto D, Iskandar J, Abdoellah OS, Iskandar BS, Riawanti S, Partasasmita R. 2018. Leunca (Solanum americanum Mill.): The uses as vegetable in two villages in Upper Citarum Area, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 19 (5): 1941-1954. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d190546.
Paembonan SA, Milang S, Dasir M, Ridwan M. 2018. Species variation in homegarden agroforestry system in South Sulawesi, Indonesian and its contribution to farmer's income. IOP Conf Ser: Earth Environ Sci 157 (2018): 012004. DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/157/1/012004.
Panicker P. 2020. Pharmacological review of Luffa acutangula (L) Roxb. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 9 (5): 110-116.
Pieroni A, Pawera L, Shah GM. 2016. Gastronomic Ethnobiology. In: Albuquerque UP, Alves RRN (eds). Introduction to Ethnobiology. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-28155-1_9.
Rahman F. 2018. Sundanese and Lalaban culture: Tracing the past of Sundanese eating culture. Metahumaniora 8 (3): 289-300. [Indonesian]
Ramadhani S, Iskandar J, Partasasmita R, Rohmatullayaly. 2021. Local knowledge of Sundanese village people on traditional medicine: A case study in Cibeurih Hamlet, Nagarawangi Village, Sumedang District, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22 (5): 2891-2898. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220554.
Ramli MR, Milow P, Malek S. 2021. diversity and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants in homegardens of Kampung Masjid Ijok, Perak, Malaysia. Biodiversitas 22 (5): 2458-2465. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d220502.
Rancage Cultural Foundation 2021. Main Dictionary of Sundanese Language. The Committee for the Dictionary of the Rancagé Cultural Foundation, Bandung. [Indonesian]
Roy A, Bharadvaja N. 2015. Centella asiatica: A pharmaceutical important medicinal plant. Curr Trends Biomed Eng Biosci 5 (3): 47-51. DOI: 10.19080/CTBEB.2017.05.555661.
Santosa E, Prawati U, Sobir, Mine Y, Sugiyama N. 2015. Agronomy, utilization and economics of indigenous vegetables in West Java, Indonesia. J Hort Indones 6 (3): 125-134. DOI: 10.29244/jhi.6.3.125-134.
Septiani N, Hernawati D, Putra RR. 2020. Biodiversity of potentially "Lalapan" in Kampung Adat Naga, Tasikmlaya, Indonesia. Biosfer 13 (2): 201-2015. DOI: 10.21009/biosferjpb. v13n2.201-215.
Setiani S, Setiawan E, Huang WC. 2022. Taneyan Lanjang shared homegardens and sustainable rural livelihoods of ethnic Madurese in Madura Island, Indonesia. Sustainability 14 (10): 5960. DOI: 10.3390/su1405960.
Shah G, Shri R, Pancai V, Sharma N, Singh B, Mann AS. 2016. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Cymbopogon citratus Stapf, (lemon grass). J Adv Pharm Technol Res 2 (1): 1-8. DOI: 10.4103/2231-4040.79796.
Silalahi M. 2019. Diversity of useful plants in the homegarden by the sundanese ethnic in Sindangjaya Village, Cianjur Regency, West Java. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA 10 (1): 88-104. [Indonesian]
Silva VAD, do Nascimento VT, Soldati GT, Medeiros MFT, Albuquerque UP. 2014. Techniques for analysis of quantitative ethnobiologic al data: Uses of indices. In: Albuquerque UP, Cruz da Cunha LVF, Paiva de Lucena RF, Alves RRN (eds). Methods and Techniques in Ethnobiol and Ethnoecol. Springer Science + Business Media, New York. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-8636-7_24.
Singh BK, Ramakrishna Y. 2017. Welsh Onion (Allium fistulosum L) : A promising spising culinary herb of Mizoram. Indian J Hill Farming 30 (2): 201-208.
Srivastava AK, Singh VK. 2016. Carica papaya - A herbal medicine. Intl J Res Stud Biosci 4 (11): 19-25. DOI: 10.20431/2349-0365.0411004.
Srivastava R. 2017. An updated review on phytopharmacological and pharmacognostical profile Amaranthus tricolor: A herb of nutraceutical potentials. Pharm Innov J 6 (6): 124129.
Statistics of Cijambu Village. 2022. Ville in Number. Cijambu, Tanjungsari, Sumedang. [Indonesian]
Sujarwo W, Caneva G. 2015. Ethnobotanical study of cultivated palnts in homegardens of traditional villeges in Bali (Indonesia). Hum Ecol DOI: 10.1007/s10745-015-9775-8.
Sukohar A, Suharyani, Sutyarso , Busman H, Nurcahyani N, Kurniawaty E. 2022. Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) seed fractions on Hela cell line an in vitro. Pharmacogn J 14 (3): 559-564. DOI: 10.5530/pj.2022.14.71.
Surya R, Tedjakusuma F. 2022. Diversity of sambals, traditional Indonesian chili pastes. J Ethn Foods 9 (1): 25. DOI: 10.1186/s42779-022-00142-7.
Suwartapradja OS, Iskandar J, Iskandar BS, Mulyanto D, Suroso, Nurjaman D, Nisyapuri FF. 2023. Plant diversity and socioecological functions of homegarden in Sundanese rural area: A case in Sumedang District, West Java. Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24 (1): 156-175. DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240120.
Tangjam U, Thong P, Sahoo UK, Ahirwal J, Walsawmkima B, Harahsel L. 2022. Tree species diversity in relation to site quality and homegardens types of North-East India. Agrofor Syst 96: 187-204. DOI: 10.1007//s10457-021-00715-6.
Turnsek M, Skar SLG, Piirman M, Torarinsdottir RI, Bavec M, Junge R. 2022. Homegardening and food security concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic. Horticulturae 8: 778. DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae/8090778.
Ullah S, Hussain SA, Saukat F, Hameed A, Yang W, Song Y. 2019. Antioxidant: Potential and the characterization Arachys hypogaea roots. Biomed Res Intl 2019: 7073456. DOI: 10.1155/2019/7073456.
Vinceti B, Elias M, Azimov R, Turdieva M, Aaliev S, Bobokalonov F, Butkov E, Kaparova E, Mukshimov N, Shamuradova S, Turgunbaev K, Azizova N, Loo J. 2022. Home garden of Central Asia: Reservoirs of diversity of fruit and nut tree species. PLoS One 17 (7): e0271398. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271398.
Wang SY, Zao H, Xu HT, Han XD, Wu YS, Xu FF, Yang XB, Goransson U, Liu B. 2021. Kaempferia galanga L: Progresses in phytochemestry, pharmacology and ethnomedicinal uses. Front Pharmacol 12: 675350. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.675350.
Wijaya CH, Epriliati I. 2013. Indonesian Vegetable. Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta. [Indonesian]
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- ASEP ZAINAL MUTAQIN, DENNY KURNIADIE, JOHAN ISKANDAR, MOHAMAD NURZAMAN, TEGUH HUSODO, Morphological characteristics and habitat conditions of suweg (Amorphophallus paeoniifolius) around Mount Ciremai National Park, West Java, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 5 (2021)
- JOHAN ISKANDAR, BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR, Ethnoastronomy-The Baduy agricultural calendar and prediction of environmental perturbations , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 17 No. 2 (2016)
- IIK NURUL FATIMAH, JOHAN ISKANDAR, RUHYAT PARTASASMITA, Ethnoecology of paddy-fish integrative farming (minapadi) in Lampegan Village, West Java, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 9 (2020)
- BUDIAWATI S ISKANDAR, JOHAN ISKANDAR, RUHYAT PARTASASMITA, Hobby and business on trading birds: Case study in bird market of Sukahaji, Bandung, West Java and Splendid, Malang, East Java (Indonesia) , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 20 No. 5 (2019)
- FEBRIANA KINANTHI PUTRI, FITRI ALICIA, HELENA JOAN NOVEN, MUCHAMMAD SHOLIQIN, WIDHI HIMAWAN, REVIDO AJI JAVARENDRA, NOR LIZA, RUHYAT PARTASASMITA, JOHAN ISKANDAR, DARLINA MD. NAIM, AHMAD DWI SETYAWAN, Conservation implication and traditional ecological knowledge on trading bird: A case study in Depok bird market in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 12 (2021)
- RUHYAT PARTASASMITA, AZIFAH AN’AMILLAH, JOHAN ISKANDAR, ASEP ZAINAL MUTAQIN, ANNISA ANNISA, NINING RATNINGSIH, Karangwangi people’s local knowledge of bamboo and its role: Implications for management of cultural keystone species , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
- DEDE MULYANTO, JOHAN ISKANDAR, OEKAN S. ABDOELLAH, BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR, SELLY RIAWANTI, RUHYAT PARTASASMITA, Leunca (Solanum americanum Mill.): The uses as vegetable in two villages in Upper Citarum Area, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 19 No. 5 (2018)
- JOHAN ISKANDAR, JOKO KUSMORO, MIRA MUBAROKAH, RUHYAT PARTASASMITA, Ethnobotany of banana plants (Musa x paradisiaca) of Palintang Hamlet, Cipanjalu Village, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 19 No. 6 (2018)
- SIDIK PERMANA, RUHYAT PARTASASMITA, JOHAN ISKANDAR, ENENG NUNUZ ROHMATULLAYALY, BUDIAWATI S. ISKANDAR, NICHOLAS MALONE, Traditional conservation and human-primate conflict in Ujungjaya Village Community, Ujung Kulon, Banten, Indonesia , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 21 No. 2 (2020)