Presence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli isolated from cloacal swab of broilers in several wet markets in Surabaya, Indonesia
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Abstract. Effendi MH, Tyasningsih W, Yurianti YA, Rahmahani J, Harijani N, Plumeriastuti H. 2021. Presence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli isolated from cloacal swab of broilers in several wet markets in Surabaya, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 304-310. The purpose of this research was to identify multidrug resistance (MDR) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) of Escherichia coli from cloacal swab of broiler chicken in several wet markets in Surabaya. This study used 60 broiler chicken samples, with cloacal swab method. The samples were isolated and identified to find Escherichia coli with several procedures, MacConckey Agar (MCA), Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMBA), Gram staining, indole test, Methyl Red-Voges Proskauer (MR-VP), citrate, and Triple Sugar Iron Agar (TSIA). Antibiotic sensitivity test was tested by using Kirby-Bauer (Disc Diffusion Method) with antibiotics: Aztreonam, Gentamicin, Chloramphenicol, Tetracycline, and Ciprofloxacin. From research, it can be illustrated that the isolates resistant to antibiotic Ciprofloxacin were 67% and Tetracycline was 65%. Total 97% isolates were found sensitive for Aztreonam, 73% for Chloramphenicol, and 55% for Gentamicin. Twelve isolates identified for MDR and two were ESBL. It can be explained that broiler chicken from wet market should be considered as a source of transmission for MDR and ESBL of E. coli to the public health.
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References
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Effendi MH, Bintari IG, Aksono EB, and Hermawan IP. 2018. Detection of blatem gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from swab of food- producing animals in East Java. Tropical Animal Science Journal 41(3) : 174-178.
Effendi MH, Harijani N, Yanestria SM. Hastutiek P. 2018. Identification of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in raw milk samples from dairy cows in Surabaya, Indonesia. Philippine J Vet Med 55: 109-114.
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Gao L, Tan Y, Zhang X, Hu J, Miao Z. 2015. Emissions of Escherichia coli carrying extended spectrum ?-lactamase resistance from pig farms to the surrounding environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12: 4203–4213.
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Katarnida, S.S., Karyanti, M.R., Oman, D.M., and Katar, Y.. 2013. Patterns of bacterial sensitivity and use of antibiotics. Sari Pediatri. 15(2): 122-126.
Kristianingtyas, L., Effendi, M. H., Tyasningsih, W., Kurniawan, F. 2020. Genetic Identification of blactx-M Gene and blatem Gene on Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia Coli from Dogs. Indian Vet. J. 97 (01) : 17-21.
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Magiorakos, A.P., Srinivasan, A., Carey, R. B., Carmeli, Y., Falagas, M. E., Giske, C. G., Harbarth, S., Hindler, J. F., Kahlmeter, G., Olsson-Liljequist, B., Paterson, D. L,. Rice, L. B., Stelling, J., Struelens, M. J., Vatopoulos, A., Weber, J. T., and. Monnet. D. L. 2012. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect, : 18: 268–281.
Masruroh CA, Sudarwanto MB, and Latif H. 2016. The Occurence of extended spectrum B-Lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from broiler feces in Bogor. JSV 34: 42-49.
McEwen SA and FedorkaCray PJ. 2002. Antimicrobial use and resistance in animals. Clinical infectious diseases 34 Suppl 3: 93-106.
Nahar A, Siddiquee M, Nahar S, Anwar KS, Ali SI, Islam S. 2014. Multidrug-resistant Proteus Mirabilis isolated from chicken droppings in commercial poultry farms: Bio-security concern and emerging public health threat in Bangladesh. Journal Biosafety and Health Education Vol. 2 : 2.
Niasono AB, Latif H, Purnawarman T. 2019. Antibiotic Resistance to Escherichia coli Bacteria Isolated from Broiler Farms in Subang Regency, West Java. J Vet. 20(2):187–95.
Okonko IO, Soleye FA, Amusan TA, Ogun AA, Ogunnusi TA, Ejembi J. 2009. Incidence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) organisms in Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria. Global J Pharmacol. 3: 69-80.
Pitout JD, and Laupland KB. 2008. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: an emerging public-health concern. Lancet Infect Dis. 8(3):159–66.
Putra, A.R. Effendi, M.H. Koesdarto, S. Suwarno, S. Tyasningsih, W. and Estoepangestie, A.T. 2020. Detection of the extended spectrum ?-lactamase produced by Escherichia coli from dairy cows by using the Vitek-2 method in Tulungagung regency, Indonesia. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 34 (1): 203-207.
Putra, A. R. S., Effendi, M.H., Koesdarto, S., and Tyasningsih, W. 2019. Molecular Identification of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Dairy Cows in East Java Province, Indonesia. Indian Vet. J. 96 (10) : 26-30.
Rahmahani J, Salamah, Mufasirin, Tyasningsih W Effendi MH. 2020. Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli From Cloacal Swab of Domestic Chicken In Surabaya Traditional Market. Biochem. Cell. Arch. 20(1): 2993-2997.
Refdanita, R. , Maksum, A. and Endang, P. 2004. Pattern of Germ Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Intensive Care Room Jakarta Fatmawati Hospital 2001 - 2002. Makara, Kesehatan. 8(2): 41-48.
Shoaib M, Kamboh AA, Sajid A, Mughal GA, Leghari RA, Malhi KK, Bughio SUD, Ali A, Alam S, Khan S, Ali S. 2016. Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in commercial broilers and backyard chickens. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences 4: 209–214.
Suandy, I. 2011. Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from commercial broiler farms in Bogor District, West Java [Thesis]. Chiang Mai (TH): Chiang Mai University
Suardana IW, Utama IH, Ayu P, Putriningsih S, Rudyanto D. 2014. Antibiotic Sensitivity Test of Escherichia coli O157: H7 Isolate from Chicken Feces. Bul Vet Udayana. 6(1).
Susanto. 2014. Escherichia coli which are resistant to antibiotics isolated from broilers and local chickens in Bogor Regency. [Thesis]. Institut Pertanian Bogor. pp. 3-6.
Vasilakopoulou A,Karakosta P, Vourli S, Tarpatzi A, Varda P, Kostoula M, Antoniadou A, and Pournaras S. 2020. Gastrointestinal carriage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci and Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria in an endemic setting: prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes. Frontiers in Public Health 8 : 55.
Wiedosari E, Wahyuwardani S. 2015. Case Study of Broiler Chicken Disease in Sukabumi and Bogor Districts. J Kedokt Hewan - Indones J Vet Sci. 9(1): 9–13.
Wibisono, F.J. Sumiarto, B., Untari, T., Effendi, M.H., Permatasari, D.A., Witaningrum. A.M. 2020. The Presence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli On Layer Chicken Farms In Blitar Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21 (6): 2667-2671.
Wibisono, F.J., Sumiarto, B., Untari, T., Effendi, M.H., Permatasari, D.A., Witaningrum, A.M. 2020. CTX Gene of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli on Broilers in Blitar, Indonesia. Sys Rev Pharm. 11(7): 396-403.
Wibisono, F.J., Sumiarto, B., Untari, T., Effendi, M.H., Permatasari, D.A., Witaningrum, A.M. 2020. Short Communication: Pattern of antibiotic resistance on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases genes producing Escherichia coli on laying hens in Blitar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21 (10): 4631-4635.
Wibisono, F.M., Wibisono, F.J., Effendi, M.H., Plumeriastuti, H., Hidayatullah, A.R., Hartadi, E.B., Sofiana, E.D. 2020. A Review of Salmonellosis on Poultry Farms: Public Health Importance. Sys Rev Pharm 11(9):481-486
Widodo, A., Effendi, M.H., Khairullah, A.R. 2020. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Eschericia coli from livestock. Sys Rev Pharm 11(7): 382-392.
Anggraini, D., H.S. Uswathun, M. Savira, A.D. Fauzia, D. Irawan dan P.R. Ruza. 2018. Prevalence and Sensitivity Pattern of ESBL-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Arifin Achmad Regional Hospital Pekanbaru. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 30(1): 47-52.
Baharutan, K.N., Fatimawali dan A. Wullur. 2015. Bacterial Sensitivity Test Isolated from Sputum Patients with Chronic Bronchitis Patients Undergoing Outpatient at Prof. RSUP Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado against Antibiotics Ampicillin, Erythromycin, and Ciprofloxacin. PHARMACON. 4(4): 139-146.
Barus, D.O., Gelgel, K.T.P. and Suarjana, I.G.K.. 2013. Sensitivity Test of Esherichia coli Bacteria from Broilers against Doxycycline, Gentamicin, and Tiamfenikol Antibiotics. Indonesia Medicus Veterinus. 2(5): 538-545.
Brower CH, Mandal S, Hayer S, Sran M, Zehra A, Patel SJ, Kaur R, Chatterjee L,Mishra S, Das BR, Singh P, Singh R, Gill JPS, and Laxminarayan. 2017. The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in poultry chickens and variation according to farming practices in Punjab, India. Environmental Health Perspectives. 125 : 7.
CLSI. 2017. Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. 27th ed. CLSI supplement M100. Wayne, PA: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, US.
Effendi MH, Bintari IG, Aksono EB, and Hermawan IP. 2018. Detection of blatem gene of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from swab of food- producing animals in East Java. Tropical Animal Science Journal 41(3) : 174-178.
Effendi MH, Harijani N, Yanestria SM. Hastutiek P. 2018. Identification of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in raw milk samples from dairy cows in Surabaya, Indonesia. Philippine J Vet Med 55: 109-114.
Effendi MH, Harijani N, Budiarto, Triningtya NP, Tyasningsih W, and Plumeriastuti H. 2019. Prevalence of pathogenic escherichia coli isolated from subclinical mastitis in East Java Province, Indonesia. Indian Vet. J. 2019;96(03): 22-25.
Exner M, Bhattacharya S, Christiansen B, Gebel J, Goroncy-Bermes P, Hartemann P, Heeg P, Ilschner C, Kramer A, Larson E, Merkens W, Mielke M, Oltmanns, Ross B, Rotter M, Schmithausen RM, Sonntag H, and Trautmann M. 2017. Antibiotic resistance: what is so special about multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria? GMS Hyg. Infect. Control 12 : 5.
Falagas, M.E., Koletsi, P.K., Bliziotis, I.A. 2006. The diversity of definitions of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Med Microbiol; 55: 1619–1629.
Gao L, Tan Y, Zhang X, Hu J, Miao Z. 2015. Emissions of Escherichia coli carrying extended spectrum ?-lactamase resistance from pig farms to the surrounding environment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12: 4203–4213.
Karaman, R. 2015. Commonly Used Drugs - Uses, Side Effects, Bioavailability & Approaches to Improve it. In : Pharmacology - Research, Safety Testing And Regulation. Edition: 1. Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc., NY, USA.
Katarnida, S.S., Karyanti, M.R., Oman, D.M., and Katar, Y.. 2013. Patterns of bacterial sensitivity and use of antibiotics. Sari Pediatri. 15(2): 122-126.
Kristianingtyas, L., Effendi, M. H., Tyasningsih, W., Kurniawan, F. 2020. Genetic Identification of blactx-M Gene and blatem Gene on Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia Coli from Dogs. Indian Vet. J. 97 (01) : 17-21.
Kwoji ID, Musa JA, Daniel N, Mohzo DL, Bitrus AA. 2019. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in chickens from small-scale (backyard) poultry farms in Maiduguri, Nigeria. International Journal of One Health 5: 26–30.
Magiorakos, A.P., Srinivasan, A., Carey, R. B., Carmeli, Y., Falagas, M. E., Giske, C. G., Harbarth, S., Hindler, J. F., Kahlmeter, G., Olsson-Liljequist, B., Paterson, D. L,. Rice, L. B., Stelling, J., Struelens, M. J., Vatopoulos, A., Weber, J. T., and. Monnet. D. L. 2012. Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clin Microbiol Infect, : 18: 268–281.
Masruroh CA, Sudarwanto MB, and Latif H. 2016. The Occurence of extended spectrum B-Lactamase-producing Escherichia coli from broiler feces in Bogor. JSV 34: 42-49.
McEwen SA and FedorkaCray PJ. 2002. Antimicrobial use and resistance in animals. Clinical infectious diseases 34 Suppl 3: 93-106.
Nahar A, Siddiquee M, Nahar S, Anwar KS, Ali SI, Islam S. 2014. Multidrug-resistant Proteus Mirabilis isolated from chicken droppings in commercial poultry farms: Bio-security concern and emerging public health threat in Bangladesh. Journal Biosafety and Health Education Vol. 2 : 2.
Niasono AB, Latif H, Purnawarman T. 2019. Antibiotic Resistance to Escherichia coli Bacteria Isolated from Broiler Farms in Subang Regency, West Java. J Vet. 20(2):187–95.
Okonko IO, Soleye FA, Amusan TA, Ogun AA, Ogunnusi TA, Ejembi J. 2009. Incidence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) organisms in Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria. Global J Pharmacol. 3: 69-80.
Pitout JD, and Laupland KB. 2008. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae: an emerging public-health concern. Lancet Infect Dis. 8(3):159–66.
Putra, A.R. Effendi, M.H. Koesdarto, S. Suwarno, S. Tyasningsih, W. and Estoepangestie, A.T. 2020. Detection of the extended spectrum ?-lactamase produced by Escherichia coli from dairy cows by using the Vitek-2 method in Tulungagung regency, Indonesia. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 34 (1): 203-207.
Putra, A. R. S., Effendi, M.H., Koesdarto, S., and Tyasningsih, W. 2019. Molecular Identification of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Dairy Cows in East Java Province, Indonesia. Indian Vet. J. 96 (10) : 26-30.
Rahmahani J, Salamah, Mufasirin, Tyasningsih W Effendi MH. 2020. Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli From Cloacal Swab of Domestic Chicken In Surabaya Traditional Market. Biochem. Cell. Arch. 20(1): 2993-2997.
Refdanita, R. , Maksum, A. and Endang, P. 2004. Pattern of Germ Sensitivity to Antibiotics in Intensive Care Room Jakarta Fatmawati Hospital 2001 - 2002. Makara, Kesehatan. 8(2): 41-48.
Shoaib M, Kamboh AA, Sajid A, Mughal GA, Leghari RA, Malhi KK, Bughio SUD, Ali A, Alam S, Khan S, Ali S. 2016. Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae in commercial broilers and backyard chickens. Advances in Animal and Veterinary Sciences 4: 209–214.
Suandy, I. 2011. Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from commercial broiler farms in Bogor District, West Java [Thesis]. Chiang Mai (TH): Chiang Mai University
Suardana IW, Utama IH, Ayu P, Putriningsih S, Rudyanto D. 2014. Antibiotic Sensitivity Test of Escherichia coli O157: H7 Isolate from Chicken Feces. Bul Vet Udayana. 6(1).
Susanto. 2014. Escherichia coli which are resistant to antibiotics isolated from broilers and local chickens in Bogor Regency. [Thesis]. Institut Pertanian Bogor. pp. 3-6.
Vasilakopoulou A,Karakosta P, Vourli S, Tarpatzi A, Varda P, Kostoula M, Antoniadou A, and Pournaras S. 2020. Gastrointestinal carriage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococci and Carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria in an endemic setting: prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes. Frontiers in Public Health 8 : 55.
Wiedosari E, Wahyuwardani S. 2015. Case Study of Broiler Chicken Disease in Sukabumi and Bogor Districts. J Kedokt Hewan - Indones J Vet Sci. 9(1): 9–13.
Wibisono, F.J. Sumiarto, B., Untari, T., Effendi, M.H., Permatasari, D.A., Witaningrum. A.M. 2020. The Presence of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli On Layer Chicken Farms In Blitar Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21 (6): 2667-2671.
Wibisono, F.J., Sumiarto, B., Untari, T., Effendi, M.H., Permatasari, D.A., Witaningrum, A.M. 2020. CTX Gene of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli on Broilers in Blitar, Indonesia. Sys Rev Pharm. 11(7): 396-403.
Wibisono, F.J., Sumiarto, B., Untari, T., Effendi, M.H., Permatasari, D.A., Witaningrum, A.M. 2020. Short Communication: Pattern of antibiotic resistance on extended-spectrum beta-lactamases genes producing Escherichia coli on laying hens in Blitar, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 21 (10): 4631-4635.
Wibisono, F.M., Wibisono, F.J., Effendi, M.H., Plumeriastuti, H., Hidayatullah, A.R., Hartadi, E.B., Sofiana, E.D. 2020. A Review of Salmonellosis on Poultry Farms: Public Health Importance. Sys Rev Pharm 11(9):481-486
Widodo, A., Effendi, M.H., Khairullah, A.R. 2020. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Eschericia coli from livestock. Sys Rev Pharm 11(7): 382-392.
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