Short Communication: A small-scale coprological survey of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwick, 1825) in Nepal
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Issue
Section
Articles
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
JAGAN NATH ADHIKARI
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6881-6618
ROSHAN BABU ADHIKARI
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5876-667X
BISHNU PRASAD BHATTARAI
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5741-6179
TEJ BAHADUR THAPA
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-1919
TIRTH RAJ GHIMIRE
♥
Abstract
Abstract. Adhikari JN, Adhikari RB, Bhattarai BP, Thapa TB, Ghimire TR. 2021. Short Communication: A small-scale coprological survey of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwick, 1825) in Nepal. Biodiversitas 22: 1285-1290. This study was carried out to detect the various endoparasites in the fecal samples of the Himalayan goral Naemorhedus goral (Hardwicke, 1825) from a forest patch of Rumsi area, the Seti River basin, Tanahun district, Nepal. Importantly, 17 fecal samples (89.5%) were positive for different parasites. Their positive rates showed the following orders as Strongyle (73.7%), Entamoeba sp. (52.6%), Strongyloides sp. (52.6%), Cryptosporidium sp. (26.3%), Cyclospora sp. (26.3%), Eimeria sp. (10.5%), Mullerius capillaris (10.5%), and Blastocystis sp. (5.3%). These results showed the prevalence status of the endoparasites in the Himalayan goral. This study provides general knowledge about the parasitic community using a non-invasive method. This is the first work in Himalayan goral of Nepal, hence intensive study to the other parts of Nepal is recommended.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
Adhikari, RB, Maharjan, M, Ghimire, TR. 2020. Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasites in the Frugivorous and the Insectivorous Bats in Southcentral Nepal. Journal of Parasitology Research 2020.
Amin, R, Baral, HS, Lamichhane, BR, Poudyal, LP, Lee, S, Jnawali, SR et al. 2018. The status of Nepal’s mammals. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10:11361-11378. http://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3712.10.3.11361-11378
Awasthi, A, Uniyal, SK, Rawat, GS, Sathyakumar, S. 2003. Food plants and feeding habits of Himalayan ungulates. Current Science:719-723.
Bhattacharya, T, Kittur, S, Sathyakumar, S, Rawat, G. 2012. Diet overlap between wild ungulates and domestic livestock in the greater Himalaya: implications for management of grazing practices. Pages 11-21 In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society. Springer.
Cai, J, Qiao, J, Zhang, X, Jin, X, Ren, J, Ma, Q et al. 2009. Observation on intestinal parasitic morphology and infection in captive rare wildlife in Shaanxi Province. Chinese Journal of Zoology 44:63-69.
Chaiyarat, R, Laohajinda, W, Kutintara, U, Nabhitabhata, J. 1999. Ecology of the goral (Naemorhedus goral) in Omkoi Wildlife Sanctuary Thailand. Nat Hist Bull Siam Soc 47:191-205.
Chaturvedi, Y, Kansal, KC, editors. 1977. Records of the zoological survey of India
miscellaneous publication Government of India, The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi.
CITES. 2020. Appendices The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php.
Deng, L, Chai, Y, Zhou, Z, Liu, H, Zhong, Z, Hu, Y et al. 2019. Epidemiology of Blastocystis sp. infection in China: a systematic review. Parasite (Paris, France) 26:41-41. 10.1051/parasite/2019042
Ghimire, TR, Bhattarai, N. 2019. A survey of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in a goat market in Kathmandu, Nepal. Journal of Parasitic Diseases:1-10.
Hoarau, AO, Mavingui, P, Lebarbenchon, C. 2020. Coinfections in wildlife: Focus on a neglected aspect of infectious disease epidemiology. PLoS Pathogens 16:e1008790.
Inoue, I. 1989. Eimeria capricornis n. sp., E. nihonis n. sp., E. naganoensis n. sp., and E. kamoshika n. sp.(Protozoa: Eimeriidae) from the Japanese serow, Capricornis crispus. Nihon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science 51:163-168.
Inoue, I, Imura, M. 1991. Eimeria gozaishoensis n. sp. from the Formosan serow (Capricornis crispus swinhoei). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 27:214-216.
IUCN. 2019. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Himalayan Goral:Naemorhedus goral. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
Jnawali, SR, Baral, H.S., Lee, S., Acharya, K.P., Upadhyay, G.P., Pandey, M., Shrestha, R., Joshi, D., Laminchhane, B.R., Griffiths, J., Khatiwada, A. P., Subedi, N., Amin, R. (compilers) 2011. The Status of Nepal Mammals: The National Red List Series. Pages 1-266, Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Lama, ST, Lama, RP, Regmi, GR, Ghimire, TR. 2015. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in free-ranging Red Panda Ailurus fulgens Cuvier, 1825 (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ailuridae) in Nepal. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7:7460-7464.
López, A, Martinson, SA. 2017. Chapter 9 - Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae1. Pages 471-560.e471 In: Zachary, JF, editor. Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease (Sixth Edition). Mosby.
Mehlhorn, H, Tan, KS, Yoshikawa, H. 2012. Blastocystis: Pathogen or passenger?: An evaluation of 101 years of research. Springer Science & Business Media.
Moudgil, AD, Singla, LD, Singh, M. 2020. Seasonal coprological survey for assessment of risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitism in zoo-housed animals of Punjab, India. Biological Rhythm Research 51:1273-1287.
Perveen, F, Khan, A, Shah, AH. 2013. Hunting and Trapping Pressures on the Himalayan Goral, Naemorhedus goral (Hardwicke) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Kohistan, Pakistan. American Journal of Zoological Research 1:5-11. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajzr/1/1/2
Pienaar, J, Basson, P, Du Plessis, J, Collins, HM, Naude, T, Boyazoglu, P et al. 1999. Experimental studies with Strongyloides papillosus in goats.
Rana, MA, Ahmad, I, Jabeen, F, Naureen, A, Munaza, S. 2015. Comparative study of endo-parasites from fecal samples of sambar (Rusa unicolor) and goral (Naemorhedus goral) in captivity. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) 6:399-408.
Rathore, BS, Khera, SS. 1982. Causes of mortality in mammals of Bovidae family in captivity and free living state in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc 79:190-193.
Romero-Castañón, S, Ferguson, BG, Güiris, D, González, D, López, S, Paredes, A et al. 2008. Comparative parasitology of wild and domestic ungulates in the Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, Mexico. Comparative Parasitology 75:115-127.
Sapkota, B, Adhikari, RB, Regmi, GR, Bhattarai, BP, Ghimire, TR. 2020. Diversity and prevalence of gut parasites in urban macaques. Applied Science and Technology Annals 1:34-41.
Shakeel, U, Minhas, RA, Awan, MS, Bibi, SS, Iftikhar, N. 2015. Conservation Status of Himalayan Grey Goral (Naemorhedus goral bedfordi Hardwicke, 1825) in Machiara National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 47.
Sherchand, JB, Cross, JH. 2001. Emerging pathogen Cyclospora cayetanensis infection in Nepal. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 32 Suppl 2:143-150.
Shin, N, Kwon, S, Lee, G, Kim, Y, Kweon, O, Kim, D. 2000. Retrospective survey on the mortality of gorals at Everland Zoological Gardens (1976-1999). Korean Journal of Veterinary Clinical Medicine 17:515-518.
Shults, RS, Kadenatsii, AN. 1950. Helminths of Nemorhaedus goral in the Far East. Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoi Laboratorii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR 3:152-160 pp., https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19590802991
Taylor, M, Coop, R, Wall, R, editors. 2007. Parasites of sheep and goats. 3 edition. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Amin, R, Baral, HS, Lamichhane, BR, Poudyal, LP, Lee, S, Jnawali, SR et al. 2018. The status of Nepal’s mammals. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10:11361-11378. http://doi.org/10.11609/jott.3712.10.3.11361-11378
Awasthi, A, Uniyal, SK, Rawat, GS, Sathyakumar, S. 2003. Food plants and feeding habits of Himalayan ungulates. Current Science:719-723.
Bhattacharya, T, Kittur, S, Sathyakumar, S, Rawat, G. 2012. Diet overlap between wild ungulates and domestic livestock in the greater Himalaya: implications for management of grazing practices. Pages 11-21 In: Proceedings of the Zoological Society. Springer.
Cai, J, Qiao, J, Zhang, X, Jin, X, Ren, J, Ma, Q et al. 2009. Observation on intestinal parasitic morphology and infection in captive rare wildlife in Shaanxi Province. Chinese Journal of Zoology 44:63-69.
Chaiyarat, R, Laohajinda, W, Kutintara, U, Nabhitabhata, J. 1999. Ecology of the goral (Naemorhedus goral) in Omkoi Wildlife Sanctuary Thailand. Nat Hist Bull Siam Soc 47:191-205.
Chaturvedi, Y, Kansal, KC, editors. 1977. Records of the zoological survey of India
miscellaneous publication Government of India, The Controller of Publications, Civil Lines, Delhi.
CITES. 2020. Appendices The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php.
Deng, L, Chai, Y, Zhou, Z, Liu, H, Zhong, Z, Hu, Y et al. 2019. Epidemiology of Blastocystis sp. infection in China: a systematic review. Parasite (Paris, France) 26:41-41. 10.1051/parasite/2019042
Ghimire, TR, Bhattarai, N. 2019. A survey of gastrointestinal parasites of goats in a goat market in Kathmandu, Nepal. Journal of Parasitic Diseases:1-10.
Hoarau, AO, Mavingui, P, Lebarbenchon, C. 2020. Coinfections in wildlife: Focus on a neglected aspect of infectious disease epidemiology. PLoS Pathogens 16:e1008790.
Inoue, I. 1989. Eimeria capricornis n. sp., E. nihonis n. sp., E. naganoensis n. sp., and E. kamoshika n. sp.(Protozoa: Eimeriidae) from the Japanese serow, Capricornis crispus. Nihon juigaku zasshi. The Japanese journal of veterinary science 51:163-168.
Inoue, I, Imura, M. 1991. Eimeria gozaishoensis n. sp. from the Formosan serow (Capricornis crispus swinhoei). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 27:214-216.
IUCN. 2019. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Himalayan Goral:Naemorhedus goral. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN).
Jnawali, SR, Baral, H.S., Lee, S., Acharya, K.P., Upadhyay, G.P., Pandey, M., Shrestha, R., Joshi, D., Laminchhane, B.R., Griffiths, J., Khatiwada, A. P., Subedi, N., Amin, R. (compilers) 2011. The Status of Nepal Mammals: The National Red List Series. Pages 1-266, Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Lama, ST, Lama, RP, Regmi, GR, Ghimire, TR. 2015. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in free-ranging Red Panda Ailurus fulgens Cuvier, 1825 (Mammalia: Carnivora: Ailuridae) in Nepal. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7:7460-7464.
López, A, Martinson, SA. 2017. Chapter 9 - Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae1. Pages 471-560.e471 In: Zachary, JF, editor. Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease (Sixth Edition). Mosby.
Mehlhorn, H, Tan, KS, Yoshikawa, H. 2012. Blastocystis: Pathogen or passenger?: An evaluation of 101 years of research. Springer Science & Business Media.
Moudgil, AD, Singla, LD, Singh, M. 2020. Seasonal coprological survey for assessment of risk factors associated with gastrointestinal parasitism in zoo-housed animals of Punjab, India. Biological Rhythm Research 51:1273-1287.
Perveen, F, Khan, A, Shah, AH. 2013. Hunting and Trapping Pressures on the Himalayan Goral, Naemorhedus goral (Hardwicke) (Artiodactyla: Bovidae) in Kohistan, Pakistan. American Journal of Zoological Research 1:5-11. http://pubs.sciepub.com/ajzr/1/1/2
Pienaar, J, Basson, P, Du Plessis, J, Collins, HM, Naude, T, Boyazoglu, P et al. 1999. Experimental studies with Strongyloides papillosus in goats.
Rana, MA, Ahmad, I, Jabeen, F, Naureen, A, Munaza, S. 2015. Comparative study of endo-parasites from fecal samples of sambar (Rusa unicolor) and goral (Naemorhedus goral) in captivity. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) 6:399-408.
Rathore, BS, Khera, SS. 1982. Causes of mortality in mammals of Bovidae family in captivity and free living state in India. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc 79:190-193.
Romero-Castañón, S, Ferguson, BG, Güiris, D, González, D, López, S, Paredes, A et al. 2008. Comparative parasitology of wild and domestic ungulates in the Selva Lacandona, Chiapas, Mexico. Comparative Parasitology 75:115-127.
Sapkota, B, Adhikari, RB, Regmi, GR, Bhattarai, BP, Ghimire, TR. 2020. Diversity and prevalence of gut parasites in urban macaques. Applied Science and Technology Annals 1:34-41.
Shakeel, U, Minhas, RA, Awan, MS, Bibi, SS, Iftikhar, N. 2015. Conservation Status of Himalayan Grey Goral (Naemorhedus goral bedfordi Hardwicke, 1825) in Machiara National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology 47.
Sherchand, JB, Cross, JH. 2001. Emerging pathogen Cyclospora cayetanensis infection in Nepal. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 32 Suppl 2:143-150.
Shin, N, Kwon, S, Lee, G, Kim, Y, Kweon, O, Kim, D. 2000. Retrospective survey on the mortality of gorals at Everland Zoological Gardens (1976-1999). Korean Journal of Veterinary Clinical Medicine 17:515-518.
Shults, RS, Kadenatsii, AN. 1950. Helminths of Nemorhaedus goral in the Far East. Trudy Gel'mintologicheskoi Laboratorii. Akademiya Nauk SSSR 3:152-160 pp., https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/19590802991
Taylor, M, Coop, R, Wall, R, editors. 2007. Parasites of sheep and goats. 3 edition. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- NARESH PANDEY, LAXMAN KHANAL, NEETI CHAPAGAIN, K. DEEPAK SINGH, BISHNU P. BHATTARAI, MUKESH KUMAR CHALISE, Bird community structure as a function of habitat heterogeneity: A case of Mardi Himal, Central Nepal , Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity: Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021)