Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by local communities in the Upper Bengawan Solo River, Central Java, Indonesia
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Abstract
Abstract. Nurcahyo FD, Zen HM, Rahma HS, Triyanto A, Yasa A, MD Naim D, Setyawan AD. 2024. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by local communities in the Upper Bengawan Solo River, Central Java, Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 14: 25-36. Medicinal plants are all plants with properties that can cure certain diseases. World Health Organization (WHO) states that more than 80% of the world's population still uses medicinal plants, including the communities living around Bengawan Solo River, Indonesia. This river is the longest river in Java, and it is significant in maintaining biodiversity, including the surrounding fauna and flora, particularly medicinal plants. This study aims to explore the diversity and uses of medicinal plants in three subdistricts along the Upper Bengawan Solo River (Sidodadi, Ngringo and Palur), focusing on documentation and understanding of medicinal plants used by local communities. Ninety informants, including 5 key and 85 general respondents (aged 21-78), were selected using purposive and snowball samplings. Semi-structured interviews and participatory observations gathered ethnobotanical data to be presented descriptively and analyzed quantitatively, including demographics, use values and informant consensus factor. Villagers in the three sub-districts utilize 88 medicinal plant species for various ailments. The majority of medicinal practices rely on traditional methods and oral transmission for knowledge transfer. Leaves (51.1%) and fruits (25%) are the primary plant parts used, processed mainly through boiling (68.5%) and direct consumption (23.9%). Boiling is the most preferred method for combining multiple plants since it is considered the easiest and most cost-effective method. Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Alpinia galanga (L.) Wild., and Curcuma longa L. are the most commonly utilized plants. This study highlights the importance of preserving traditional medicinal plant knowledge along the Bengawan Solo River to inform conservation efforts, support community health, and guide policy for mutual benefits and biodiversity conservation.
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