Habitat suitability for Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781) in the mangrove forest of Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan

Abstract

Abstract. Suwarto, Prasetyo LB, Kartono AP. 2016. Habitat suitability for Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781) in the mangrove forest of Kutai National Park, East Kalimantan. Bonorowo Wetlands 6: 12-25. This study aims to identify the factors determining that influence the suitability of proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus Wurmb, 1781) in the mangrove habitat Kutai National Park through spatial modeling. Habitat suitability was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and linear regression was integrated with geographical information systems. Principal Component Analysis is a technique to construct new variables that are linear combinations to the original variables by reducing the variables used. The presence of groups of proboscis monkeys marked with GPS. Satellite images from Landsat 8 path 116 rows 60 processed digitally to generate proboscis vegetation distribution by the Normalization Difference Vegetation Index. Further data gathered were: variable distance from roads, distance from settlements, distance from the fishpond, and the distance from the source of water, obtained by the analysis euclidean distance of Indonesia Earth Appearance map. Spatial modeling using the coordinates of the encounter group proboscis as the dependent variable and the predictor variables used in the regression model is the distance from the road, the distance from the settlement, the distance from the pond, the distance from the source of water, the distance of Avicennia, distance from Bruguiera, distance from Rhizophora, distance from Sonneratia, and also LAI (Leaf Area Index). The overall area of study used to build the model is 7,343.88 hectares. The results of habitat suitability modeling proboscis monkey in the mangroves of TNK showed that only 99.50 hectares or 1.35% have high compatibility, the suitability being has a total area of 384.58 hectares or 18.85%, whereas an area of 5,859.81 hectares or 79.79% in low suitability. The results of the model’s study could be explained that the distribution of the proboscis monkey habitat suitability is influenced by factors of disturbance.