Potential inhibition of essential oils and crude extract of Zingiber species to the growth of Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht f.sp. cubense

Abstract

Abstract. The aims of this research were (i) to investigate the potency of essential oil and crude extract of rhizome lempuyang pahit (Zingiber amaricans Vahl.), lempuyang gajah (Zingiber zerumbet L.), and lempuyang wangi (Zingiber aromaticum L.) in preventing the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense (ii) to determine the proper concentration of essential oil and crude extract in preventing the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Essential oil of rhizome Zingiber spp. was separated by Stahl distillation with methanol solvent. The crude extract was made by soaking the powder of Zingiber spp. in methanol absolute and then filtered by paper disk. Several compounds of rhizome Z. amaricans Vahl. were analyzed by GC-MS. Potential inhibition of essential oil and the crude extract was examined using the disk diffusion method at a 1%, 10%, and 100% concentration, respectively. In contrast, methanol absolute was used as control, and Benlate fungicide was used for comparison. The result showed that essential oil and crude extract of Z. amaricans Vahl. and Z. zerumbet L. was able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Essential oil Z. amaricans Vahl. were also able to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense at the lowest concentration of 1% while the Z. zerumbet L. at concentration 10%. Crude extract Z. amaricans Vahl. and Z. zerumbet L. were able to prevent the growth of F. oxysporum f.sp. cubense even at a concentration of 100%.