Volatile oils analysis of fern (Pteridophyte) around Pangajaran waterfalls, Wonosalam, Jombang

Abstract

Abstract. The aims of the research were: to know species diversity of fern (Pteridophyte) from Pangajaran, Wonosalam, Jombang, to know fern species containing volatile oil, to know the concentration and percentage similarity of substances and characteristics of the substances contained in the oil, and to know the structure of cell producing volatile oil in trees and leaf of the fern. Fern diversity was studied by field survey, volatile oil concentration measured by hydro-distillation followed with gas chromatography to know the components in the oil further. In contrast, the structure of the cell producing volatile oil was detected cross-section of the trees and leaf for microscopic analysis. Based on the data and analysis result, there were 13 fern species in Pangajaran. Two of the 13 species were confirmed to produce volatile oil, Pteris beaurita Linn. and Cyathea contaminants, which were made volatile on their leaf only. The concentration of volatile oil of leaf P. beaurita was 0,005%, while in C. contaminans 0,01%. Percentage similarity of the volatile oil between two species based on its Retention Time (RT) was 2,5%, at the RT point of 21.247 in P. beaurita and the RT point of 21.294 in C. contaminants. The percentage similarity of both species based on morphological characters was 36.36%. The location of volatile oil-producing cells in both fern species was dispersed spreadly in the leaf's sclerenchyma tissue and mesophyll tissue.