The effect of drying methods variation on saponin content, total plate count, and pathogen bacteria of simplisia of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. leaf extract

Abstract

Abstract. The purposes of this research were to study the effect of drying methods variation on saponin content, total plate count, and pathogen bacteria of simplicia of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers. leaf extract. The research was conducted using a Completely Random Design with a single factor and three replications. The treatment consisted of four methods: without drying sample (as control) (P0), direct sunray drying (P1), indirect sunray (under shade place) drying (P2), and vacuum drying oven at temperature 45^oC (P3). The observed parameters were: saponin content, total plate count, and pathogen bacteria. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variants (ANOVA) and continued with the Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) on the 5% level. The result of research showed that drying method with vacuum drying oven at temperature 45^oC to simplicia of S. grandiflora leaf produces the highest saponin contents due to 16.38 mg/mL. The dried method with indirect sunray (under shade place) and with direct sunray produce lower saponin contents are 16.24 mg/mL and 10.58 mg/mL. Dried method with vacuum drying oven at temperature 45^oC to simplicia of S. grandiflora leaf could suppress microbial growth and produce the lowest bacteria total plate count due to 7.9.10⁴ colony/g. The dried method with direct sunray and with indirect sunray (under shaded place) produce bacteria total plate count are 1.57.10⁵ colony/g and 1.88.10⁶ colony/g. This third drying method showed pathogen bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are negative (-).