Mutagenicity test of the fraction of ambre leaf (Geranium radula) chloroform extract against Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, and TA1535 and chemistry profile of active fraction

Abstract

Priyani T, Purwoko T, Pangastuti A. 2015. Mutagenicity test of the fraction of ambre leaf (Geranium radula) chloroform extract against Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, and TA1535 and chemistry profile of active fraction. Biofarmasi 13: 34-39. Ambre (Geranium radula Cavan.) is a plant with toxicity effect based on Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method and so that, it potentially can be used as anticancer agent. The cancer cell, can be normalized by repairing the abnormal gen with selective reverse mutation efforts until its function normal again. The aim of this investigation has examined mutagenic effect from fraction chloroform extract Ambre leaf to bacteria Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, and TA1535, and to get the profile of the most actively chemical contents within which has the biggest mutagenic effect, that can be used to result how much its ability as the anticancer agent. The method in this research is a separation chemical compound components by fractionation of partitioned dissolved result of chloroform extract Ambre leaf using column chromatography with the stationary phase of silica gel GF254 (E. Merck) and mobile phase of washbenzene, ethyl acetate, chloroform, and methanol. The composition profile of chemical compound is monitored by using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The fraction with different chromatogram profile was tested to its mutagenicity using Ames method. Then its most active fraction that shows the biggest mutagenic effect, executed to which group is its chemical compound belongs. The mutagenicity test result shows that fraction IV has the biggest mutagenic effect with the highest bacterial colony growth at concentration 500 μ l/mL. Fraction IV as the most active fraction was identified on its chemical compound classification with TLC method. The detection result shows that fraction IV has a number of terpenoid and phenolic in its composition.