Curcuminoid content, total phenol and antioxidant activity of curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) extract in various drying technique and proportion of dissolution

Abstract

Oktaviana P, Kawiji, W Atmaka. 2015. Curcuminoid content, total phenol and antioxidant activity of curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza) extract in various drying technique and proportion of dissolution. Biofarmasi 13: 41-49. Curcuma (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) is one of the traditional medicine is widely spread in Indonesia and has largely grown by the community. Usefulness of curcuma mainly because of the content of the active compounds such as curcuminoid, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants. Traditional processing such as drying with the sunlight and the proportion of water solubility can lead to decreased efficacy of herbal medicine. This study aims to determine the effect of drying techniques, the color of the fabric cover and the proportion of dissolution on serum antioxidant activity of curcuminoids and curcuma extract. This research using Complete Random Program with two factors: variety of drying techniques (solar dryer and direct sunlight) and the color of the fabric cover (without lid, black cloth, and white cloth). The treatments were as follows: SMK (sun without fabric cover), SMP (Sunlight white cloth), SMH (Sunlight black cloth), SDK (solar dryer without fabric cover), SDP (Solar dryer white cloth), SDH (Solar dryer black cloth). The study consisted of two phases; the first phase carried out to extract with the treatment of curcuma drying techniques and the best cover fabric color; the second phase conducted to determine the effect of dissolution proportions (1:10, 1:12,1:14) on the best sample. The result showed that the drying treatment using solar dryer and use fabric coverings obtain curcuminoid content, antioxidant activity, and total phenols are highest. But the differences did not affect the color of the fabric of active component in curcuma spices. While the ratio of the higher proportion of dissolution which showed levels of antioxidant activity and curcuminoid are lower. However, dissolution does not influence the proportion of total phenols in extracts of curcuma.