Melissopalynological analysis of honey produced by two species of stingless bees in Lombok Island, Indonesia
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Abstract. Jayadi LZ, Susandarini R. 2020. Melissopalynological analysis of honey produced by two species of stingless bees in Lombok Island, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 12: 97-108. Honey is a natural product with a variety of benefits that commonly used as food sweeteners, health supplements, and traditional medicine. There has been no comprehensive publication regarding the diversity of pollen contained in honey produced by stingless bee Tetragonula laeviceps and Heterotrogona itama from Lombok. This study aimed to reveal the diversity of pollen content in honey through melissopalynological analysis of honey samples produced by two species of stingless bees T. laeviceps and H. itama in Lombok Island. This melissopalynological study was performed on honey samples obtained from nine villages from nine sub-districts representing the three districts on Lombok Island. Pollen extraction from honey was carried out using standard methods for melissopalynological analysis. The diversity of pollen recovered from honey varied from 15 to 41 pollen types. Total number of plant species whose pollen was recovered from honey samples was 127 which consisted of 61 families. The occurrence of predominant pollen type in particular unifloral honey samples indicated their botanical origin and presumed geographical origin of honey. Results of this study are useful in confirming botanical origin of honey and generating information on plants potential as food source for sustainable beekeeping in Lombok Island.
2019-01-01
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References
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Anggadhania L, Wahyuni N, Rizqiani KD. 2020. Melissopalinological characteristic of stingless bee (Trigona/Tetragonula) honey in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ. Sci. 457: 012062. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/457/1/012062
Antonini Y, Costa RG, Martins RP. 2006. Floral preferences of a neotropical stingless bee, Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier (Apidae: Meliponina) in an urban forest fragment. Braz. J. Biol. 66 (2A): 463-471. doi:10.1590/s1519-69842006000300012.
Aronne G, De Micco V. 2010. Traditional melissopalynology integrated by multivariate analysis and sampling methods to improve botanical and geographical characterisation of honeys. Plant Biosystems 144 (4): 833–8 40. doi: 10.1080/11263504.2010.514125
Bakar MFA, Sanusi SB, Bakar FIA, OJ, Mian Z. 2017. Physicochemical and antioxidant potential of raw unprocessed honey from Malaysian stingless bees. Pak. J. Nutr. 16 (11): 888-894. doi: 10.3923/pjn.2017.888-894.
Basari N, Ramli SN, Mohd Khairi NAS. 2018. Food reward and distance influence the foraging pattern of stingless bee, Heterotrigona itama. Insects 9: 138. doi:10.3390/insects9040138
Biluca FC, Braghini F, Gonzaga LV, Costa ACO, Fett R. 2016. Physicochemical profiles, minerals and bioactive compounds of stingless bee honey (Meliponinae). J. Food Compost. Anal. 50 (2016) 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2016.05.007
Bryant V. 2018. Melissopalynology: The science of using pollen to study honey. Bee Culture: 41-45.
Campos MGR, Firgerio C, Lopes J, Bogdanov S. 2010. What is the future of Bee-Pollen? J Anal. At. Spectrom. 2: 131–144.
Chatterjee R. 2017. Pollen foraging behaviour of Apis dorsata at the onset of spring in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Int. J. Agri.c Inven. 2 (2): 165-168.
Cholis MN, Alpionita R, Prawasti TS, Atmowidi T. 2019. Pollen Load and Flower Constancy of Stingless Bees Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith) and Heterotrigona itama (Cockerell) (Apidae: Meliponinae). Adv. Biol. Sci. Res. 8: 285-289.
Danner N, Keller A, HaÈrtel S, Steffan-Dewenter I. 2017. Honey bee foraging ecology: Season but not landscape diversity shapes the amount and diversity of collected pollen. PLoS ONE12(8): e0183716. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183716
de Novais JS, Absy ML, dos Santos FDAR. 2014. Pollen types collected by Tetragonisca angustula (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in dry vegetation in Northeastern Brazil. Eur. J. Entomol. 111(1): 25–34, 2014 doi: 10.14411/eje.2014.004
Dhawan AS, Pawar KW, Lokhande AA. Analysis of pollen grains in different honey samples from the region of Newasa Tehsil in Maharashtra. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 7 (3): 3438-3442.
do Nascimento AS, Marchini LC, de Carvalho CAL, Araújo DFD, da Silveira TA. 2015. Pollen spectrum of stingless bees honey (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Paraná State, Brazil. J. Entomol. Zool. Stud. 3 (2): 290-296.
Dubtsova ED. 2009. Structure, biological properties of honey, pollen and royal jelly and their possible use in nutrition therapy. Exp. Clin. Gastroenterol. 3: 36–41.
Fidalgo ADO, ADMP. 2010. Floral preferences and climate infl uence in nectar and pollen foraging by Melipona rufiventris Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) in Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil. Neotrop. Entomol. 39 (6): 879-884.
Gadhiya VC, Pastagia JJ. 2015. Flowers visited by stingless bees, Tetragonula laeviceps Smith. AGRES 4 (4): 323-330.
Huang TC. Pollen Flora of Taiwan. National Taiwan University, Botany Dept. Press. 1972: 297 pp.
Leonhardt SD, Dworschak K, Eltz T, Blüthgen N. 2007. Foraging loads of stingless bees and utilisation of stored nectar for pollen harvesting. Apidologie 38:125–135. DOI: 10.1051/apido:2006059
Lestari TH, Susandarini R. 2019. Pollen analysis of Apis cerana honey from Java, Indonesia. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 8(4): 3224-3230
Majid M, Bakar MFA, Mian Z, Esa F, Yeow YK. 219. Variations of physicochemical properties of stingless bee honey from different botanical origin in state of Johor, Malaysia. IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ. Sci. 269: 012028. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/269/1/012028
Majid M, Ellulu MS, Bakar MFA. 2020. Melissopalynological study, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant properties of Heterotrigona itama honey from Johor, Malaysia. Scientifica 2020, Article ID 2529592. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2529592
Md Zaki NN, Abd Razak SB. 2018. Pollen profile by stingless bee (Heterotrigona itama) reared in rubber smallholding environment at Tepoh, Terengganu. Malays. J. Microsc.14: 38-54.
Mohammad SM, Mahmud-Ab-Rashid NK, Zawawi N. 2020. Botanical origin and nutritional values of bee bread of stingless bee (Heterotrigona itama) from Malaysia. J. Food Qual. 2020, Article ID 2845757. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2845757.
Mohammed MEA, Alfifi A, Aalmudawi A, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Al-Bushnaq HA. 2017. Some physiochemical properties of acacia honey from different altitudes of the Asir region in southern Saudi Arabia. Czech J. Food Sci., 35, 2017 (4): 321–327. doi: 10.17221/428/2016-CJFS
Nguyen, H. Panyoyai, N. Paramita, V.D. Mantri, N., and Kasapis, S. 2018. Physicochemical and viscoelastic properties of honey from medicinal plants. Food Chem. 241: 143-149.
Njokuocha RC. 2019. Evaluation of pollen and chemical composition of honey samples sourced from open markets in Anambra State, Nigeria to ascertain their authenticity. J. Appl. Life Sci. Int. 22 (3): 1-12 . doi: 10.9734/JALSI/2019/v22i330128
Omar S, Enchang FK, Nazri MUIA, Ismail MM, Ismail WIW. 2019. Physicochemical profiles of honey harvested from four major species of stingless bee (kelulut) in north east peninsular of Malaysia. Malays. Appl. Biol. 48(1): 111–116.
Ponnuchamy R, Bonhomme V, Prasad S, Das L, Patel P, Gaucherel C, Pragasam A, Anupama K. 2014. Honey pollen: Using melissopalynology to understand foraging preferences of bees in tropical South India. PLoS ONE 9(7): e101618. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101618
Putra RE, Permana AD, Kinasih I. 2014. Application of Asiatic honey bees (Apis cerana) and stingless bees (Trigona laeviceps) as pollinator agents of hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) at local Indonesia farm system. Psyche 2014, Article ID 687979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/687979.
Rasyiid M, Susandarini R. 2020. Pollen diversity and secondary metabolites in honey produced by Apis dorsata binghami from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 9 (2): 2305-2309.
Sakac MB, Jovanov PT, Maric AZ, Pezo LL, Kevrešan ŽS, Novakovi? AR, Nedeljkovi? NM. 2019. Physicochemical properties and mineral content of honey samples from Vojvodina (Republic of Serbia). Food Chem. 276: 15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.149.
Selvaraju K, Vikram P, Soon JM, Krishnan KT, Mohammed A. 2019. Melissopalynological, physicochemical and antioxidant properties of honey from West Coast of Malaysia. J Food Sci Technol 56 (5): 2508–2521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-03728-3
Shubharani R, Sivaram V, Roopa P. 2012Assessment of honey plant resources through pollen analysis in Coorg Honeys of Karnataka State. Int. J. Plant. Reprod. Biol. 4 (1): 31-39.
Soares S, Amaral JS, Oliveira MBPP, Mafra I. 2017. A comprehensive review on the main honey authentication issues: Production and origin. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 16: 1072-1100, doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12278.
Thakodee T, Deowanish S, Duangmal K. 2018. Melissopalynological analysis of stingless bee (Tetragonula pagdeni) honey in Eastern Thailand. J. Asia-Pacific Entomol. 21: 620–630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2018.04.003
Vijayakumar K, Jeyaraaj R. 2016. Floral sources for stingless bees (Tetragonula iridipennis ) in NellithuraiVillage,Tamilnadu, India. Ambient Sci. 03 (2): 69-74. DOI:10.21276/ambi.2016.03.2.ra04
Von Der Ohe W, Oddo LP, Piana ML, Morlot M, Martin P. 204. Harmonized methods of melissopalynology. Apidologie 2004; 35: S18–S25, doi: 10.1051/Apido:2004050.
Wahyuni N, and Anggadhania L. 2020. Melissopalinological characteristic of stingless bee (Trigona/Tetragonula) honey in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ. Sci. 457: 012045. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/457/1/012045
Alvarez-Suarez JM, Gasparrini M, Forbes-Hernández TY, Mazzoni L, Giampieri F. 2014. The composition and biological activity of honey: A focus on manuka honey. Foods 3: 420-432. doi:10.3390/foods3030420
Anggadhania L, Wahyuni N, Rizqiani KD. 2020. Melissopalinological characteristic of stingless bee (Trigona/Tetragonula) honey in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ. Sci. 457: 012062. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/457/1/012062
Antonini Y, Costa RG, Martins RP. 2006. Floral preferences of a neotropical stingless bee, Melipona quadrifasciata Lepeletier (Apidae: Meliponina) in an urban forest fragment. Braz. J. Biol. 66 (2A): 463-471. doi:10.1590/s1519-69842006000300012.
Aronne G, De Micco V. 2010. Traditional melissopalynology integrated by multivariate analysis and sampling methods to improve botanical and geographical characterisation of honeys. Plant Biosystems 144 (4): 833–8 40. doi: 10.1080/11263504.2010.514125
Bakar MFA, Sanusi SB, Bakar FIA, OJ, Mian Z. 2017. Physicochemical and antioxidant potential of raw unprocessed honey from Malaysian stingless bees. Pak. J. Nutr. 16 (11): 888-894. doi: 10.3923/pjn.2017.888-894.
Basari N, Ramli SN, Mohd Khairi NAS. 2018. Food reward and distance influence the foraging pattern of stingless bee, Heterotrigona itama. Insects 9: 138. doi:10.3390/insects9040138
Biluca FC, Braghini F, Gonzaga LV, Costa ACO, Fett R. 2016. Physicochemical profiles, minerals and bioactive compounds of stingless bee honey (Meliponinae). J. Food Compost. Anal. 50 (2016) 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2016.05.007
Bryant V. 2018. Melissopalynology: The science of using pollen to study honey. Bee Culture: 41-45.
Campos MGR, Firgerio C, Lopes J, Bogdanov S. 2010. What is the future of Bee-Pollen? J Anal. At. Spectrom. 2: 131–144.
Chatterjee R. 2017. Pollen foraging behaviour of Apis dorsata at the onset of spring in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India. Int. J. Agri.c Inven. 2 (2): 165-168.
Cholis MN, Alpionita R, Prawasti TS, Atmowidi T. 2019. Pollen Load and Flower Constancy of Stingless Bees Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith) and Heterotrigona itama (Cockerell) (Apidae: Meliponinae). Adv. Biol. Sci. Res. 8: 285-289.
Danner N, Keller A, HaÈrtel S, Steffan-Dewenter I. 2017. Honey bee foraging ecology: Season but not landscape diversity shapes the amount and diversity of collected pollen. PLoS ONE12(8): e0183716. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183716
de Novais JS, Absy ML, dos Santos FDAR. 2014. Pollen types collected by Tetragonisca angustula (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in dry vegetation in Northeastern Brazil. Eur. J. Entomol. 111(1): 25–34, 2014 doi: 10.14411/eje.2014.004
Dhawan AS, Pawar KW, Lokhande AA. Analysis of pollen grains in different honey samples from the region of Newasa Tehsil in Maharashtra. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 7 (3): 3438-3442.
do Nascimento AS, Marchini LC, de Carvalho CAL, Araújo DFD, da Silveira TA. 2015. Pollen spectrum of stingless bees honey (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Paraná State, Brazil. J. Entomol. Zool. Stud. 3 (2): 290-296.
Dubtsova ED. 2009. Structure, biological properties of honey, pollen and royal jelly and their possible use in nutrition therapy. Exp. Clin. Gastroenterol. 3: 36–41.
Fidalgo ADO, ADMP. 2010. Floral preferences and climate infl uence in nectar and pollen foraging by Melipona rufiventris Lepeletier (Hymenoptera: Meliponini) in Ubatuba, São Paulo State, Brazil. Neotrop. Entomol. 39 (6): 879-884.
Gadhiya VC, Pastagia JJ. 2015. Flowers visited by stingless bees, Tetragonula laeviceps Smith. AGRES 4 (4): 323-330.
Huang TC. Pollen Flora of Taiwan. National Taiwan University, Botany Dept. Press. 1972: 297 pp.
Leonhardt SD, Dworschak K, Eltz T, Blüthgen N. 2007. Foraging loads of stingless bees and utilisation of stored nectar for pollen harvesting. Apidologie 38:125–135. DOI: 10.1051/apido:2006059
Lestari TH, Susandarini R. 2019. Pollen analysis of Apis cerana honey from Java, Indonesia. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 8(4): 3224-3230
Majid M, Bakar MFA, Mian Z, Esa F, Yeow YK. 219. Variations of physicochemical properties of stingless bee honey from different botanical origin in state of Johor, Malaysia. IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ. Sci. 269: 012028. doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/269/1/012028
Majid M, Ellulu MS, Bakar MFA. 2020. Melissopalynological study, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant properties of Heterotrigona itama honey from Johor, Malaysia. Scientifica 2020, Article ID 2529592. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2529592
Md Zaki NN, Abd Razak SB. 2018. Pollen profile by stingless bee (Heterotrigona itama) reared in rubber smallholding environment at Tepoh, Terengganu. Malays. J. Microsc.14: 38-54.
Mohammad SM, Mahmud-Ab-Rashid NK, Zawawi N. 2020. Botanical origin and nutritional values of bee bread of stingless bee (Heterotrigona itama) from Malaysia. J. Food Qual. 2020, Article ID 2845757. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/2845757.
Mohammed MEA, Alfifi A, Aalmudawi A, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI, Al-Bushnaq HA. 2017. Some physiochemical properties of acacia honey from different altitudes of the Asir region in southern Saudi Arabia. Czech J. Food Sci., 35, 2017 (4): 321–327. doi: 10.17221/428/2016-CJFS
Nguyen, H. Panyoyai, N. Paramita, V.D. Mantri, N., and Kasapis, S. 2018. Physicochemical and viscoelastic properties of honey from medicinal plants. Food Chem. 241: 143-149.
Njokuocha RC. 2019. Evaluation of pollen and chemical composition of honey samples sourced from open markets in Anambra State, Nigeria to ascertain their authenticity. J. Appl. Life Sci. Int. 22 (3): 1-12 . doi: 10.9734/JALSI/2019/v22i330128
Omar S, Enchang FK, Nazri MUIA, Ismail MM, Ismail WIW. 2019. Physicochemical profiles of honey harvested from four major species of stingless bee (kelulut) in north east peninsular of Malaysia. Malays. Appl. Biol. 48(1): 111–116.
Ponnuchamy R, Bonhomme V, Prasad S, Das L, Patel P, Gaucherel C, Pragasam A, Anupama K. 2014. Honey pollen: Using melissopalynology to understand foraging preferences of bees in tropical South India. PLoS ONE 9(7): e101618. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101618
Putra RE, Permana AD, Kinasih I. 2014. Application of Asiatic honey bees (Apis cerana) and stingless bees (Trigona laeviceps) as pollinator agents of hot pepper (Capsicum annum L.) at local Indonesia farm system. Psyche 2014, Article ID 687979. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/687979.
Rasyiid M, Susandarini R. 2020. Pollen diversity and secondary metabolites in honey produced by Apis dorsata binghami from Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 9 (2): 2305-2309.
Sakac MB, Jovanov PT, Maric AZ, Pezo LL, Kevrešan ŽS, Novakovi? AR, Nedeljkovi? NM. 2019. Physicochemical properties and mineral content of honey samples from Vojvodina (Republic of Serbia). Food Chem. 276: 15-21. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.149.
Selvaraju K, Vikram P, Soon JM, Krishnan KT, Mohammed A. 2019. Melissopalynological, physicochemical and antioxidant properties of honey from West Coast of Malaysia. J Food Sci Technol 56 (5): 2508–2521. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-019-03728-3
Shubharani R, Sivaram V, Roopa P. 2012Assessment of honey plant resources through pollen analysis in Coorg Honeys of Karnataka State. Int. J. Plant. Reprod. Biol. 4 (1): 31-39.
Soares S, Amaral JS, Oliveira MBPP, Mafra I. 2017. A comprehensive review on the main honey authentication issues: Production and origin. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 16: 1072-1100, doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12278.
Thakodee T, Deowanish S, Duangmal K. 2018. Melissopalynological analysis of stingless bee (Tetragonula pagdeni) honey in Eastern Thailand. J. Asia-Pacific Entomol. 21: 620–630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aspen.2018.04.003
Vijayakumar K, Jeyaraaj R. 2016. Floral sources for stingless bees (Tetragonula iridipennis ) in NellithuraiVillage,Tamilnadu, India. Ambient Sci. 03 (2): 69-74. DOI:10.21276/ambi.2016.03.2.ra04
Von Der Ohe W, Oddo LP, Piana ML, Morlot M, Martin P. 204. Harmonized methods of melissopalynology. Apidologie 2004; 35: S18–S25, doi: 10.1051/Apido:2004050.
Wahyuni N, and Anggadhania L. 2020. Melissopalinological characteristic of stingless bee (Trigona/Tetragonula) honey in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. IOP Conf. Series: Earth Environ. Sci. 457: 012045. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/457/1/012045