Anti-inflammatory efficacy of orange fruit (Citrus sp.) peels eco-enzyme in mice induced by carrageenan

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DOI https://doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m080203
Issue
Vol. 8 No. 2 (2022)
Section
Articles

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ELNI FATIMAH ♥
Departemen Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Andalas. Limau Manis Pauh, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat 25162, Indonesia
ASYIFA UL HUSNA
Departemen Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Andalas. Limau Manis Pauh, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat 25162, Indonesia
RAFIA RAFIA
Departemen Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Andalas. Limau Manis Pauh, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat 25162, Indonesia
PUTRA SANTOSO
Departemen Biologi, Fakultas MIPA, Universitas Andalas. Limau Manis Pauh, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat 25162, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Fatimah E, Husna AU, Rafia, Santoso P. 2022. Anti-inflammatory efficacy of orange fruit (Citrus sp.) peels eco-enzyme in mice induced by carrageenan. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 8: 119-126. Inflammation is the protective response of the body against tissue damage or pathogen infection. The use of commercial anti-inflammatories from the steroid and non-steroidal groups in the long term has been shown to cause many side effects. For this reason, it is necessary to develop anti-inflammatories based on natural ingredients that are effective, safe, and affordable. Eco-enzymes based on organic waste has been widely used as cleaning fluids, vegetable pesticides, organic fertilizers and air filters. However, scientific information regarding its potential as a medicinal material is still very limited. This study aims to reveal the efficacy of eco-enzymes based on citrus peel waste (Citrus sp.) as anti-inflammatory through analysis of bioactive compounds in eco-enzymes, experimental testing of their inhibitory on inflammation and hematological responses in male Balb/c mice models. Mice were divided into four different treatment groups, namely A (mice without inflammation induction), B (induced inflammation with 1% carrageenan subcutaneously on the dorsal), C (induced with carrageenan + Betamethasone valetare 0.1%), and D (induced with carrageenan + orange peel eco-enzyme 200 µl once daily topically). The results of gas chromatography analysis showed that eco-enzymes from orange peel waste contained substances that act as anti-inflammatory agents like Hexadecanoic acid, Acetaldehyde ethyl cis-3hexenyl acetal and 2-Hydroxy-1,1,10-trimethyl-6,9-epidioxydecalin. Furthermore, topical administration of 200 µl of orange peel waste eco-enzyme was effective in reducing the back fold thickness of mice induced with carrageenan with an average anti-inflammatory effect of 33%. Hematological analysis showed that the administration of eco-enzymes was able to suppress the number of total leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes 6 hours after inflammation with carrageenan. These findings indicate that eco-enzymes based on orange peel waste have the potential to be developed into effective, affordable and environmentally friendly anti-inflammatory drugs.

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