The dormancy breaking techniques to speed up the germination of kourbaril (Hymenaea courbaril) seed

Abstract

Yuniarti N, Djaman DF. 2015. The dormancy breaking techniques to speed up the germination of courbaril (Hymenaea courbaril) seed. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 1433-1437. Courbaril (Hymenaea courbaril Linn.) belongs to the family of Leguminosae. This species is potential to be developed, considering the usefulness. The wood is planed, turned, polished, never attacked by worms and not burned. The usefulness of wood is for home furnishings, ships, and railway carriages. The development of these plants has problems because the seed is difficult to germinate. Leather seeds are very hard because it has the nature of dormancy. Its dormancy required a pretreatment to break. The purpose of this research was to know the proper dormancy breaking techniques to speed up the germination of courbaril seeds. The seed used came from the Forest Research of Cikampek, West Java. The experimental design used completely randomized design, with treatments as follows: control, soaked in cold water for 24 hours, soaked in hot water for 24 hours, soaked in hot water for one minute and then soaked in cold water for 24 hours, soaked in a solution of H2SO4 for 10 minutes, soaked in a solution of H2SO4 for 20 minutes, H2SO4 solution soaking for 30 minutes, soaked then filed in cold water for 24 hours, filed then soaked for 24-hour hot water, soaked then filed in a solution of H2SO4 for 10 minutes, and soaked then filed in a solution of H2SO4 for 20 minutes, and then soaked then filed in a solution of H2SO4 for 30 minutes. Responses that observed in this study were the germination capacity and germination speed. The results showed that the dormancy breaking techniques provided a significant effect on germination capacity and germination speed of courbaril seed. The best treatments to break seed dormancy of courbaril was soaked in a solution of H2SO4 for 20 minutes. The resulting germination was 97% and the germination rate was 6.47% / day. Compared with the control treatment, using this treatment could improve germination capacity by 86% and germination speed by 5.77% / day.