Study on adaptation of several clones as the side-cleft-grafting material of cocoa in Central Sulawesi

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SAIDAH SAIDAH
ABDI NEGARA
SAHARDI SAHARDI

Abstract

Saidah, Negara A, Sahardi. 2015. Study on adaptation of several clones as the side-cleft-grafting material of cocoa in Central Sulawesi. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 1661-1665. The largest cocoa exporter in Indonesia is Central Sulawesi Province. Cocoa which is a leading commodity in Central Sulawesi had a double function as country income and local revenue source. The Cocoa area was 225,926 Ha in 2009; 400 ha of industrial plantations and 225,526 ha of smallholdings (farmers). The cocoa of smallholdings aged over 15 years and had low productivity yield (Cocoa pod borer problem). The side grafting is one of technology release by the cocoa researcher that can be applied to solve these problems. The objective of the study was determining the adaptive clones to be used as a graft for improving the quality of cocoa. The method used was a randomized block design with four replication units. There are six clones were used, namely ICCRI 03, ICS60, TSH858, UIT 1, Sulawesi 1 and Sulawesi 2. In addition, each block/replication installed one sex pheromone unit to reduce diseases/pest attack. The results showed 94.9% graft success rate. The clones that have a high graft success rate were Sulawesi 1, Sulawesi 2, UIT 1 and TSH 858, while clone 03 ICCRI have lowest graft success rate. In farmer’s perspective, the best clones which have good growth and yield are two clones (Sulawesi 1 and Sulawesi 2). The sex pheromone had a good impact to reduce Cocoa pod borer infestation. The cocoa pod borer imago population was fluctuating between the times of observation.

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