Evaluation on yield stability of local cassava genotypes (Manihot esculenta) generated from tissue culture

Abstract

Fitriani H, Rahman N, Rahman N, Sudarmonowati E. 2015. Evaluation of yield stability of local genotypes cassava (Manihot esculenta) tissue culture. Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 1756-1760. Recently, the advancement in cassava industries requires large quantities and good quality of cassava as raw materials. Cassava cultivation by using in vitro technology is very useful to fulfill the inquiries of cassava stacks at any seasons and to maintain the quality of stacks at longer storage period. The research was aimed to analyze the yield stability of local cassava genotypes from tissue culture technique at five planting periods. This experiment was conducted from August 2004 to March 2009 and the plant was cultivated in soil field of Research Centre for Biotechnology, LIPI, Cibinong. Four genotypes of Rawi, Menti, Iding, and Tim-Tim 29 and two varieties of Adira 4 and Darul Hidayah were used as plant materials. In addition, stacks of Adira 4 were prepared as control plants. All genotypes and varieties were originated from the collection of Research Centre for Biotechnology, LIPI, Cibinong-Bogor, West Java. All data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results showed the number of tubers and plant height increased after the third plantation period and reached at highest numbers at the fourth planting period, i.e. 46-170% for the number of tubers and 36-55,9% for the plant height. These parameters decreased at the fifth planting period especially for the plant height which was decreased about 1-6,2%. In contrast, the tuber weight in all genotypes, varieties and controls increased steadily starting from the third planting period to the fifth planting period. These results give important information in designing the appropriate cultivation technology in order to achieve the highest cassava productivity to support the national food security.