The roles of ameliorants on tree seedling growth for land rehabilitation
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Abstract. Yuwono SB, Alawiyah, Riniarti M, Dermiyati. 2021. The roles of ameliorants on tree seedling growth for land rehabilitation. Biodiversitas 22: 2706-2714. Revegetation of the limestone post-mining land using trees with ameliorants is expected to improve land quality and soil biodiversity. This research aimed to accelerate the seedling growth of tree species namely sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), agarwood or gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis), and acacia (Acacia mangium) on limestone post-mining soil media by applying various types of ameliorants. The experimental design was a Completely Randomized Design consisting of 7 treatments with three replications, namely P0 (without ameliorant or control), P1 (humic acid [HA], 4 kg ha-1), P2 (phosphate rocks [PR], 350 kg ha-1), P3 (arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi [AMF], 500 spores plant-1), P4 (HA+AMF), P5 (PR+ AMF), and P6 (HA+PR+AMF). The variance analysis of data were done at the significance level of 0.05 and continued with the LSD test. The combination of ameliorants HA and AMF gave the highest root nodules number in 3-month-old P. falcataria with the percentage of effective nodules in absorbing N of 100% at 12 weeks after planting. Ameliorant application did not affect the root nodule number, the percentage of effective nodules, and the percentage of root infection by mycorrhizae in 3-month-old A. mangium. The combination of ameliorants PR and AMF gave the highest percentage of root infection by mycorrhizae in 4-month-old A. malaccensis. The tree dependence level on mycorrhizae was categorized as highly dependent on A. malaccensis, marginally dependent on P. falcataria, and independent on A. mangium.
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References
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Baloyi TC, Du Preez CC, Kutu F R. 2014. Soil Ameliorants to Improve Soil Chemical and Microbial Biomass Properties In Some South African Soils. The Journal of Agricultural Sciences 9 (2): 58-68.
Budiastuti MS, Purnomo D, Supriyono, Pujiasmanto B, Desy S. 2020. Effects of light intensity and coinoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on root growth and nodulation of Indigofera tinctoria. Soil Science. Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 17 (2): 94-99. https://doi.org/10.20961 / stjssa.v17i2.40065.
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Gerdemann JW. 1975. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. In JG Torrey, DT Clarkson, eds, The Development and Function of Roots. Academic Press, New York. pp 545-591.
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Haghighi S, Nejab TS, Lack SH. 2011. Evalution of changes the qualitation & quantitative yield of horse been (Vicia faba L.) plant in the levels of humic Acid fertilizer. Life Science Journal 8 (3): 583–588.
Hajoeningtijas OD. 2009. Dependence of plants on Michorriza as a study of the potential of michorriza bio fertilizer in sustainable plant cultivation. Agritech 9 (2): 125 - 136.
Heap AJ, Newman EI. 1980. Links between roots by hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas. New Phytol 85: 169-171.
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Husna, Tuheteru FD, Arif A. 2021. The potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal function to conserve Kalappia celebica, an endangered endemic legume on gold mine tailings in Sulawesi, Indonesia. J. For. Res. 32: 675–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-020-01097-8.
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Cardinale M, Brusetti L, Lanza A, Orlando S, Daffonchio D, Puglia AM, Quatrini P. 2010. Rehabilitation of Mediterranean anthropogenic soils using symbiotic wild legume shrubs: Plant establishment and impact on the soil bacterial community structure. Applied Soil Ecology 46: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.05.007.
Mortimer, Peter E, Pérez-Fernández MA, Valentine, AJ. 2012. Arbuscular mycorrhiza maintains nodulefunction during external NH4+ supply in Phaseolus vulgaris (L.). Mycorrhiza 22 (3): 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-011-0396-9.
Mosse B. 1973. Plant Growth Responses to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza. IV. In soil given additional phosphate. New Phytol 72: 127-136.
Motaghi S, Nejad TS. 2014. The effect of different levels of humic acid and potassium fertilizer on physiological indices of growth. International Journal of Biosciences 5 (2): 99-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/5.2.99-105.
Nadeem SM, Ahmad M., Zahir ZA, Javaid A, Ashraf M. 2014. The role of mycorrhizae and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving crop productivity under stressful environments. Biotechnology Advances 32 (2): 429- 48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.12.005.
Oldroyd GED, Murray JD, Poole PS, Downie JA. 2011. The rules of engagement in the legume-rhizobial symbiosis. Annu Rev Genet 45: 119–144.
Omar SA. 1997. The role of rock-phosphate-solubilizing fungi and vesicular-arbuscular-mycorrhiza (VAM) in growth of wheat plants fertilized with rock phosphate. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 14: 211–218.
Prayudyaningsih R. 2014. Growth of Alstonia Scholaris, Acacia Auriculiformis, and Muntingia Calabura Inoculated by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Media of Ex-Limestone Mining Growth of Alstonia scholaris, Acacia auriculiformis and Muntingia calabura Seedlings that was Inoculated by Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi on Postmining Journal. Wallacea Forestry Research 3 (1): 13–23. [Indonesian]
Puppo A, Groten K, Bastian F, Carzaniga F, Soussi M, Lucas MM, de Felipe MR, Judith Harrison J, Vanacker H, Foyer CH. 2005. Legume nodule senescence: roles for redox and hormone signaling in the orchestration of the natural aging Process. New Phytologist 165: 683–701.
Sindhu PV, Kanakamany MT, Beena, C. 2016. Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on herbage yield, quality, and soil nutrient balance in Indigofera tinctoria cultivation. Journal of Tropical Agriculture 54 (1): 16–20.
Smith SE, Gianinazzi-Pearson V. 1988. Physiological interactions between symbionts in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 39: 221 244.
Smith SE, Read DJ. 2010. 3rd Ed. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Academic Press, New York.
Streeter J. 1988. Inhibition of legume nodule formation and N2 fixation by nitrate. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 7: 1–23.
Sulakhudin, Suswati D, Hatta M. 2017. The effect of ameliorants on improvement of soil fertility in post gold mining land at West Kalimantan. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 4 (4):873-880.
Via VD, Zanetti ME, Blanco F. 2016. How legumes recognize rhizobia. Plant Signaling & Behavior 11 (2): e1120396. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2015.1120396.
Abdel-Mawgoud A, El-Greadly MRN, Helmy YI, Singer SM. 2007. Responses of tomato plants to different rates of humic based fertilizer and NPK fertilization. Journal of Applied Sciences Research 3: 169-174.
Aprillia D, Riniarti M, dan Bintoro A. 2019. Aplikasi ektomikoriza pada media tanam bekas tambang kapur untuk membantu pertumbuhan Mangium (Acacia mangium). Jurnal Sylva Lestari 7(3):332-341. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsl37332-341. [Indonesian].
Asmarahman C. 2018. Pemanfaatan Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskular (FMA) dan bahan amelioran tanah dalam upaya rehabilitasi lahan pascatambang PT. Holcim Indonesia TBK. (Disertasi). Sekolah Pacasarjana Institut Pertanian Bogor. 143 hal. [Indonesian].
Ayuso M, Hernandez T, Gercia C. 1996. Effect of humic fraction from arban wastes and other more developed organic materials on seed germination. Journal of science of food and agriculture 72 (4): 461-468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)10970010(199612)72:4.
Baloyi TC, Du Preez CC, Kutu F R. 2014. Soil Ameliorants to Improve Soil Chemical and Microbial Biomass Properties In Some South African Soils. The Journal of Agricultural Sciences 9 (2): 58-68.
Budiastuti MS, Purnomo D, Supriyono, Pujiasmanto B, Desy S. 2020. Effects of light intensity and coinoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on root growth and nodulation of Indigofera tinctoria. Soil Science. Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 17 (2): 94-99. https://doi.org/10.20961 / stjssa.v17i2.40065.
Franzini VI, Azcón R., Ruiz-Lozano JM, Aroca,R. 2019. Rhizobial symbiosis modifies root hydraulic properties in bean plants under non-stressed and salinity-stressed conditions. Planta 249 (4): 1207–1215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-018-03076-0.
Gage DJ. 2004. Infection and Invasion of Roots by Symbiotic, Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobia during Nodulation of Temperate Legumes. Microbiology And Molecular Biology Reviews 68 (2): 280–300. https://doi.org/10.1128 / MMBR.68.2.280–300.2004.
Gerdemann JW. 1975. Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae. In JG Torrey, DT Clarkson, eds, The Development and Function of Roots. Academic Press, New York. pp 545-591.
Ghorbani S, Khazaei HR, Kafi M, Banayan Aval M. 2010. The effect of adding humic acid to irrigation water on yield and yield components of corn. Journal of Agriculture ecology 2: 123-131.
Haghighi S, Nejab TS, Lack SH. 2011. Evalution of changes the qualitation & quantitative yield of horse been (Vicia faba L.) plant in the levels of humic Acid fertilizer. Life Science Journal 8 (3): 583–588.
Hajoeningtijas OD. 2009. Dependence of plants on Michorriza as a study of the potential of michorriza bio fertilizer in sustainable plant cultivation. Agritech 9 (2): 125 - 136.
Heap AJ, Newman EI. 1980. Links between roots by hyphae of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas. New Phytol 85: 169-171.
Howieson JG, Dilworth MJ. 2016. Working with Rhizobia. Canberra: Australian Center for International Agricultural Research. 312 pp.
Husna, Tuheteru FD, Arif A. 2021. The potential of arbuscular mycorrhizal function to conserve Kalappia celebica, an endangered endemic legume on gold mine tailings in Sulawesi, Indonesia. J. For. Res. 32: 675–682. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-020-01097-8.
Kukkamalla A, Vardhan ZV. 2016. A Study on Effective and Ineffective Root Nodules of Trigonella Foenum Graecum Elicited by Bradyrhizobium. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) 10 (11): 106-111. DOI: 10.9790 / 2402-101101106111.
Cardinale M, Brusetti L, Lanza A, Orlando S, Daffonchio D, Puglia AM, Quatrini P. 2010. Rehabilitation of Mediterranean anthropogenic soils using symbiotic wild legume shrubs: Plant establishment and impact on the soil bacterial community structure. Applied Soil Ecology 46: 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2010.05.007.
Mortimer, Peter E, Pérez-Fernández MA, Valentine, AJ. 2012. Arbuscular mycorrhiza maintains nodulefunction during external NH4+ supply in Phaseolus vulgaris (L.). Mycorrhiza 22 (3): 237–245. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-011-0396-9.
Mosse B. 1973. Plant Growth Responses to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza. IV. In soil given additional phosphate. New Phytol 72: 127-136.
Motaghi S, Nejad TS. 2014. The effect of different levels of humic acid and potassium fertilizer on physiological indices of growth. International Journal of Biosciences 5 (2): 99-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.12692/ijb/5.2.99-105.
Nadeem SM, Ahmad M., Zahir ZA, Javaid A, Ashraf M. 2014. The role of mycorrhizae and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in improving crop productivity under stressful environments. Biotechnology Advances 32 (2): 429- 48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotechadv.2013.12.005.
Oldroyd GED, Murray JD, Poole PS, Downie JA. 2011. The rules of engagement in the legume-rhizobial symbiosis. Annu Rev Genet 45: 119–144.
Omar SA. 1997. The role of rock-phosphate-solubilizing fungi and vesicular-arbuscular-mycorrhiza (VAM) in growth of wheat plants fertilized with rock phosphate. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 14: 211–218.
Prayudyaningsih R. 2014. Growth of Alstonia Scholaris, Acacia Auriculiformis, and Muntingia Calabura Inoculated by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Media of Ex-Limestone Mining Growth of Alstonia scholaris, Acacia auriculiformis and Muntingia calabura Seedlings that was Inoculated by Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi on Postmining Journal. Wallacea Forestry Research 3 (1): 13–23. [Indonesian]
Puppo A, Groten K, Bastian F, Carzaniga F, Soussi M, Lucas MM, de Felipe MR, Judith Harrison J, Vanacker H, Foyer CH. 2005. Legume nodule senescence: roles for redox and hormone signaling in the orchestration of the natural aging Process. New Phytologist 165: 683–701.
Sindhu PV, Kanakamany MT, Beena, C. 2016. Effect of organic manures and biofertilizers on herbage yield, quality, and soil nutrient balance in Indigofera tinctoria cultivation. Journal of Tropical Agriculture 54 (1): 16–20.
Smith SE, Gianinazzi-Pearson V. 1988. Physiological interactions between symbionts in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal plants. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 39: 221 244.
Smith SE, Read DJ. 2010. 3rd Ed. Mycorrhizal Symbiosis. Academic Press, New York.
Streeter J. 1988. Inhibition of legume nodule formation and N2 fixation by nitrate. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 7: 1–23.
Sulakhudin, Suswati D, Hatta M. 2017. The effect of ameliorants on improvement of soil fertility in post gold mining land at West Kalimantan. Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 4 (4):873-880.
Via VD, Zanetti ME, Blanco F. 2016. How legumes recognize rhizobia. Plant Signaling & Behavior 11 (2): e1120396. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2015.1120396.
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